rigged elevators. much easier than the rudder since there only two hinge points (not counting the middle VA-146 hinge bearing). the center hinge bearing is easily installed as there is not a a pre-drilled or punched hole. the attach bolt hole is drilled where it falls in the rudder horns. i used a 1/4" od alum tubing length as a drill guide and bushing to protect the va-146 bearing.